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What is DNS?

By Sai Rohith Karanam
    
     crux points:
  1. DNS stands for Domain Name System.
  2. DNS works on the application layer of the TCP/IP model or OSI model.
  3. We need to convert our domain name into IP address for fetching the data from destination servers.
  4. The process of converting the domain name into IP address is known as "Domain Name Resolution" which is carried out by DNS. 
An example demonstrating about DNS:  
Suppose you are sitting at your home and you've typed "www.facebook.com" in your PC.
  • Here 'Facebook' is known as the actual domain name or Second-level Domain.
  • '.com' is known as TLD which stands for "Top Level Domain".
  • 'www.' is known as the host server
Now you know what are the parts of a domain name, let's dive in!
We all know that an IP address is required to send or receive data from one computer to another.
When we type "www.facebook.com", we are automatically redirected to Facebook 
How is this happening? Ever wondered??!
The actual thing that is happening at the backend is, this whole domain name is converted into IP address by a series of DNS lookups. After converting into IP address, it's pretty simple to fetch data we want from Facebook servers.
              

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