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What is a File System? -Types

By Sai Rohith Karanam

        What is a file system?
  1. The file system is a data structure used by an operating system to store, retrieve, organize and manage files and directories on a storage device.
  2. File system maintains information such as date of creation and modification of files, the size of files on storage devices, the type of files and permissions associated with the file.
  3. The file system provides a structured form for data storage.
Here is my post on the basics of storage devices if you haven't seen it yet:
https://sairohithkaranam.blogspot.com/2020/05/storage-devices.html

       Types of file systems:
  1. File Allocation Table (FAT):
    FAT is the older file system that is compatible with many operating systems, including all versions of Unix, Windows and macOS.It is used mainly for compatibility reasons. Some improved versions include FAT32 and ex-FAT
  2. ext2:
    It used to be the native Linux file system in older releases. It is still supported in current releases of Linux.
  3. ext3:
    ext3 is an improvement of ext2. Some major improvements over ext2 are a faster recovery of data in the case of the unexpected shutdown and better ensure data integrity. You can easily upgrade your file system from ext2 to ext3.
  4. ext4:
    This is one of two default file systems in Linux distribution. Some improvements over ext3 are journaling, support of volumes up to 1 exbibyte (1 exbibyte=(1024)^6 bytes) and files over 16 tebibytes (1 tebibyte=(1024)^4 bytes) in size. This is a default file system for ubuntu installations.
  5. XFS:
    This is a 64 bit, the high-performance file system that provides faster recovery of data and handles large files efficiently.XFS is the default file system for CentOS and RHEL 7 installations.
These are all some common general-purpose file systems.
      
What is NTFS?
  1. NTFS stands for New Technology File System
  2. It is a proprietary file system developed by Microsoft as a primary file system for windows.
  3. NTFS provides many enhanced features over FAT including file and folder level security, file encryption, drive compression and scalability for large drives and files.
  4. Linux does not support NTFS by default. However, a utility called NTFS-3G enables to support NTFS on Linux systems.

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